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#W  grppcint.gi                 GAP Library                      Frank Celler
#W                                                             & Bettina Eick
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##
#Y  Copyright (C)  1996,  Lehrstuhl D für Mathematik,  RWTH Aachen,  Germany
#Y  (C) 1998 School Math and Comp. Sci., University of St Andrews, Scotland
#Y  Copyright (C) 2002 The GAP Group
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##  This file contains the methods for the intersection of polycylic groups.
##


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#V  GS_SIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  size from which on we use glasby
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GS_SIZE := 20;


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#F  GlasbyCover( <S>, <A>, <B>, <pcgsK> )
##
##  Glasby's  generalized  covering  algorithmus.  <S> := <H>/\<N> * <K>/\<N>
##  and <A> < <H>, <B> < <K>. <A> ( and also <B> ) generate the  intersection
##  modulo <S>.
##
GlasbyCover := function( S, A, B, pcgsK )
    local   Am, Bm, z, i;

    # Decompose the intersection <H> /\ <K> /\ <N>.
    Am :=  AsList( S.intersection );
    Bm := List( Am, x -> x / SiftedPcElement( pcgsK, x ) );

    # Now cover the other generators.
    for i  in [ 1 .. Length( A ) ]  do
        z := S.factorization(LeftQuotient( A[i], B[i]) );
        A[ i ] := A[ i ] * z.u;

	# what is the aim of this arithmetic? We can save one inversion
        #B[ i ] := B[ i ] * ( z.n / SiftedPcElement( pcgsK, z.n ) ) ^ -1;
        B[ i ] := B[ i ] * (SiftedPcElement( pcgsK, z.n )/z.n);
    od;

    # Concatenate them and return. The are not normalized.
    Append( A, Am );
    Append( B, Bm );
end;


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#F  GlasbyShift( <C>, <B> )
##
GlasbyShift := function( C, B )
    return List( C, x -> x / SiftedPcElement( B, x ) );
end;


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#F  GlasbyStabilizer( <pcgs>, <A>, <B>, <pcgsL>)
##
GlasbyStabilizer := function( pcgs, A, B, pcgsL )
    local   f,  transl,  matA,  pt;

    f     := GF( Order( pcgsL[1] ) );
    
    transl := function( a ) 
        return ExponentsOfPcElement(pcgsL,SiftedPcElement(B,a)) * One(f);
    end;

    A := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, A );
    #U := SubgroupByPcgs( GroupOfPcgs(pcgs), A );
    matA  := AffineActionLayer( A, pcgsL, transl );

    pt := List( pcgsL, x -> Zero( f ) );
    Add( pt, One( f ) );
    pt := ImmutableVector(f, pt);

    # was: return Pcgs( Stabilizer( U, pt, A, matA, OnRight ) );
    # we cannot simply return this pcgs here, as we cannot guarantee that
    # the pcgs of this group will be compatible with the pcgs wrt. which we
    # are computing.
    #return InducedPcgs(pcgs, Stabilizer( U, pt, A, matA, OnRight ) );
    return StabilizerPcgs(A, pt, matA, OnRight );
end;


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#F  AvoidedLayers
##
AvoidedLayers := function( pcgs, pcgsH, pcgsK )

    local occur, h, k, first, next, avoided, primes, p, sylow, res, i, 
          firsts, weights;

    # get the gens, which do not occur in H or K
    occur := List( [ 1..Length( pcgs ) ], x -> 0 );
    for h in pcgsH do
        occur := occur + ExponentsOfPcElement( pcgs, h );
    od;
    for k in pcgsK do
        occur := occur + ExponentsOfPcElement( pcgs, k );
    od;

    # make a list of the avoided layers
    avoided := [ ];
    firsts  := LGFirst( pcgs );
    weights := LGWeights( pcgs );
    for i  in [ 1..Length( firsts )-1 ]  do
        first := firsts[i];
        next  := firsts[i+1];
        if Maximum( occur{[first..next-1]} ) = 0  then
            Add( avoided, first );
        fi;
    od;

    # get the avoided heads
    res := [ ];
    for i in avoided do
        if weights[i][2] = 1 then
            Add( res, i );
        fi;
    od;

    # get the avoided Sylow subgroups
    primes := Set( List( avoided, x -> weights[x][3] ) );
    for p in primes do
        sylow := Filtered( firsts{[1..Length(firsts)-1]},
                           x -> weights[x][3] = p );
        if IsSubset( avoided, sylow ) then
            Append( res, sylow );
        fi;
    od;

    return Set(res);
end;


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#F  GlasbyIntersection
##
GlasbyIntersection := function( pcgs, pcgsH, pcgsK )
    local m, G, first, weights, avoid, A, B, i, start, next, HmN, KmN, 
          sum, pcgsS, pcgsR, C, D,
          new, U, deptH, deptK,pcgsL,depthS,depthN; 

    # compute a cgs for <H> and <K>
    G := GroupOfPcgs( pcgs );
    m := Length( pcgs );

    # use the special pcgs
    first   := LGFirst( pcgs );
    weights := LGWeights( pcgs );
    avoid   := AvoidedLayers( pcgs, pcgsH, pcgsK );

    deptH := List( pcgsH, x -> DepthOfPcElement( pcgs, x ) );
    deptK := List( pcgsK, x -> DepthOfPcElement( pcgs, x ) );

    # go down the elementary abelian series. <A> < <H>, <B> < <K>.
    A := [ ];
    B := [ ];
    depthN:=[1..m];
    for i in [ 1..Length(first)-1 ] do
        start := first[i];
        next  := first[i+1];
	depthS := depthN;
        depthN := [next..m];
        if not start in avoid then
	    #pcgsN := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, pcgs{depthN} );
            HmN := pcgsH{Filtered( [1..Length(deptH)], 
                         x -> start <= deptH[x] and next > deptH[x] )};
            KmN := pcgsK{Filtered( [1..Length(deptK)], 
                         x -> start <= deptK[x] and next > deptK[x] )};

            #pcgsHmN := Concatenation( HmN, pcgsN );
            #pcgsHmN := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, pcgsHmN );
            #pcgsHF  := pcgsHmN mod pcgsN;
            #pcgsKmN := Concatenation( KmN, pcgsN );
            #pcgsKmN := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, pcgsKmN );
            #pcgsKF  := pcgsKmN mod pcgsN;


	    # SumFactorizationFunction takes *LISTS* as arguments 2,3, so we
	    # don't need to make pcgs at all.
            #pcgsHF := ModuloTailPcgsByList(pcgs,HmN,[next..m]);
            #pcgsKF := ModuloTailPcgsByList(pcgs,KmN,[next..m]);
            #sum := SumFactorizationFunctionPcgs( pcgs, pcgsHF, pcgsKF, pcgsN );

	    # and `SFF' now takes a tail depth, so the expensive sifting to
	    # find the identity can be ignored.
            sum := SumFactorizationFunctionPcgs( pcgs, HmN, KmN, next );

            # Maybe there is nothing left to stabilize.
            if Length( sum.sum ) = next - start then
                C := ShallowCopy( AsList( A ) );
                D := ShallowCopy( AsList( B ) );
            else
		# GlasbyStabilizer would make a pcgs out of it first anyhow
	        B     := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, B );
                if Length(sum.sum)>0 then
		  pcgsS := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, pcgs{depthS} );
		  pcgsR := Concatenation( sum.sum, pcgs{depthN} );
		  pcgsR := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, pcgsR );
		  pcgsL:=pcgsS mod pcgsR;
                else
		  pcgsL:=ModuloTailPcgsByList(pcgs,
					      pcgs{Difference(depthS,depthN)},
					      depthN);
		  
		fi;

                C := GlasbyStabilizer( pcgs, A, B, pcgsL );
                C := ShallowCopy( AsList( C ) );
                #D := GlasbyShift( C, InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC(pcgs, B) );
                D := GlasbyShift( C, B );
                D := ShallowCopy( AsList( D ) );
            fi;

            # Now we can cover <C> and <D>.
            GlasbyCover( sum, C, D, pcgsK );
            A := ShallowCopy( C );
            B := ShallowCopy( D ) ;
        fi;
    od;

    # <A> is the unnormalized intersection.
    new := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, A );
    U   := SubgroupByPcgs( G, new );
    return U;
end;


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#F  ZassenhausIntersection( pcgs, pcgsN, pcgsU )
##
ZassenhausIntersection := function( pcgs, pcgsN, pcgsU )
    local sw, m, ins, g, new;

    if Length(pcgsN)=0 then
      return SubgroupByPcgs( GroupOfPcgs( pcgs ), pcgsN );
    fi;
    # If  <N>  is  composition subgroup, no calculation is needed. We can use
    # weights instead. Otherwise 'IntersectionSumAgGroup' will do the work.
    sw := DepthOfPcElement( pcgs, pcgsN[1] );
    m  := Length( pcgs );
    if pcgs{[sw..m]} = pcgsN then
        ins := [];
        for g in pcgsU do
            if DepthOfPcElement( pcgs, g ) >= sw  then
                Add( ins, g );
            fi;
        od;
        new := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, ins );
        ins := SubgroupByPcgs( GroupOfPcgs( pcgs ), new );
        return ins;
    else
        new := ExtendedIntersectionSumPcgs( pcgs, pcgsN, pcgsU, true );
        new := InducedPcgsByPcSequenceNC( pcgs, new.intersection );
        ins := SubgroupByPcgs( GroupOfPcgs( pcgs ), new );
        return ins;
    fi;
end;


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#M  Intersection2( <U>, <V> )
##
InstallMethod( Intersection2,
    "groups with pcgs",
    true, 
    [ IsGroup and HasHomePcgs,
      IsGroup and HasHomePcgs ],
    0,

function( U, V )
    local G, home, pcgs, pcgsU, pcgsV;

    # Check the parent and catch a trivial case
    home  := HomePcgs(U);
    if home <> HomePcgs(V) then
        TryNextMethod();
    fi;

    # check for trivial cases
    if IsInt(Size(V)/Size(U)) 
       and ForAll( GeneratorsOfGroup(U), x -> x in V ) then
        return U;
    # here we can test Size(V)<Size(U): if they are the same the test before
    # would have found out.
    elif Size(V)<Size(U) and IsInt(Size(U)/Size(V)) 
      and ForAll( GeneratorsOfGroup(V), x -> x in U ) then
        return V;
    fi;
    
    G := GroupOfPcgs(home);
    if Size(U) < GS_SIZE  then
        return SubgroupNC( G, Filtered( AsList(U), x -> x in V and
                                                   x <> Identity(V) ) );
    elif Size(V) < GS_SIZE  then
        return SubgroupNC( G, Filtered( AsList(V), x -> x in U  and
                                                   x <> Identity(U) ) );
    fi;

    # compute nice pcgs's
    pcgs  := SpecialPcgs(home);
    pcgsU := InducedPcgs(pcgs, U );
    pcgsV := InducedPcgs(pcgs, V );

  # disabled calls to `ZassenhausIntersection' that seems to be not
  # applicable. AH, 4/12/05
  #  # test if one the groups is known to be normal
  #  if IsNormal( G, U ) then
  #      return ZassenhausIntersection( pcgs, pcgsU, pcgsV );
  #  elif IsNormal( G, V ) then
  #      return ZassenhausIntersection( pcgs, pcgsV, pcgsU );
  #  fi;

    return GlasbyIntersection( pcgs, pcgsU, pcgsV );

end );

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#M  NormalIntersection( <G>, <U> )  . . . . . intersection with normal subgrp
##
InstallMethod( NormalIntersection,
    "method for two groups with home pcgs",
    IsIdenticalObj, [ IsGroup and HasHomePcgs, IsGroup and HasHomePcgs],
function( G, H ) 
local home;
  home:=HomePcgs(G);
  if home<>HomePcgs(H) then
    TryNextMethod();
  fi;
  return ZassenhausIntersection(home,InducedPcgs(home,G),InducedPcgs(home,H));
end );


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#E  grppcpint.gi  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ends here
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